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Materials List
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Tools List (click item to shop)
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| 1. |
Double-hung windows have 2 independent sashes that slide past each other in separate tracks. The upper sash is in the outer track and is closer to the house exterior. The lower sash is closer to the house interior and is in the inner track.
The 2 independent tracks or channels are created by an interior window stop, a parting strip that separates the 2 sashes and finally an exterior window stop.
In older windows, the sashes are counter balanced by a weight inside the walls that is attached to the sash with a cotton cord or chain running over a pulley at the top of the window frame. Each sash has 2 counter weights - one on either side. These cords are prone to breaking over time due to wear, chafing or paint buildup. See our tutorial on Replacing sash cords to learn how to remedy this situation. Newer windows use spring-balance mechanisms instead of counter weights. |
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| 2. |
Casement windows swing out like a door. Smaller windows use 1 sash. Larger windows have 2 sashes that swing out in opposite directions away from a center post. Similar to a double-hung window, the sashes are made up of an upper and lower rail and 2 stiles.
Hinges on newer casement windows are generally pivot-arm hinges. They allow the hinge edge of the sash to slide away from the window frame as it opens. This feature helps when it is time to clean the outside of the window by allowing access between the frame and the sash.
Casement windows are opened via an extension arm at the bottom of the window. Newer windows are operated by a crank handle, which drives a gear mechanism to open the window and hold it in the desired position. |
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| 3. |
Sliding windows are probably the simplest type of window. Just like a double-hung window, a sliding window has 2 sashes that slide past each other. However, they move in a horizontal direction instead of up and down. This means the sashes do no require counter balances. They merely slide back and forth in tracks. Generally the outer sash is fixed in position and the inner sash slides back and forth. |
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| 4. |
Awning windows are similar to casement windows except that they open horizontally instead of vertically. They are hinged at the top 2 corners and open outward. At the bottom of the window is a crank mechanism with scissor arms that hold the window open in any desired position. |
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